Online Calculator
Number of misprints 0 1 2 3 4
3. The following table gives the frequency distribution for the lengths of rallies (measured by the number of shots) in a tennis match
Length of rally 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Find the mean length of a rally.
18 17 21 18 19 17 18 20 16 17
Make a frequency table and a line graph for the data above.
2. The number of overtime hours per week worked by employees at a factory are as follows:
45 31 46 25 57 39 42 55 20 37
Make a frequency table and line graph from the table above.
Note: Show tally in your table and the appropriate units in the tables and graphs.
3. In a sample of 50 high school students, 15 said that math was their favourite subject. If these data were represented in a pie chart, the corresponding sector angle would be
a. 15° b. 54° c. 30° d. 108°
a. represent data in a graphical format
b. list variables and their frequencies
c. analyze the change in frequencies over time
d. illustrate the median and spread of a set of data
Complete each statement.
5. A ____________________ variable can have only certain separate values within a specified range.
You will enjoy this video. When you are done watching, i will like you to answer the questions below using the "post a comment" tab. You need to put your name.
Calculating mean
1. The test marks of 8 students were 18, 2, 5,0,17,15,16 and 11. Find the mean test mark.
2. The number of misprints on each page of the draft of a book containing 182 pages is summarized below
Number of misprints 0 1 2 3 4
Number of pages 144 24 10 2 2
Find the mean number of misprints
3. The following table gives the frequency distribution for the lengths of rallies (measured by the number of shots) in a tennis match
Length of rally 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Frequency 2 20 15 12 10 5 3 1
Find the mean length of a rally.
Assignment - 27th October, 2014
Make an online questionnaire of between 5-10 questions. using google form(drive) and send it to my inbox. (......@gmail.com)
One of the questions must be a required field, another must be a multiple choice type and others of your choice. In all you must have minimum of three different kinds of field.
Mini assignment for next week
Arrange the following sets of data in a grouped frequency table, using five to ten groups.
1. Heights, measured correct to the nearest tenth of a millimeter.
5.5 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.8 6.8 6.9
2. Number of goals scored in each match by a hockey team.
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 9 10 12 15 18
I would allow you to figure out which is discrete and continuous between these sets of data.
Part of today's class - October 20, 2014
Stem and
leaf diagrams
They show
data in a way that combines the visual impact while retaining the details of
individual items.
The list below shows
the ages of some people in a village
68 34
59 94 34
30 33 37
49 53 29
18 51
20 40 23
41 46 36
22 40 47
65 47
36 44 32
31 58 41
28 41 39
35 24
52 53 46
22 31 29
37 36 28
39 45
27 55 37
34 30 40
30 41 50
60 30
38 42 61
63 50 51
39 40 52
55 42
41 68 74
73 31 53
59 39 36
Construct a stem –
and – leaf diagram for the data. (follow the steps we took in class to
construct it)
Approach:
The ‘stem’ of the diagram is drawn vertically
to display the largest place values of the variable, in this case it is in
‘tens’. The smaller value figures (the units in this case) are then placed
horizontally out from the stem to form the ‘leaves’.
Back-to-back
stem-and-leaf diagram
The displays below
show the pocket money (in pounds) received by a group of 11-year-old boys and a group of 11-year-old girls.
BOYS
GIRLS
0 50 50 75
0 50
50 50 75
1 00 00 50 50 75
1
00 00 00 00 75
2 00 00 00 20 50 50 75 2 00 00 00 50 50
3 00 50 3 00 25 30 75
4 00 50
4 50
5 00
5 50
Go ahead now and
construct a back-to-back diagram for the two groups.
Assignment for week ending 17th October, 2014
1. The number of components per hour turned out on lathe was measured on 40 occasions:
18 17 21 18 19 17 18 20 16 17
19 19 16 17 15 19 17 17 20 18
17 18 19 19 18 19 18 18 19 20
18 15 18 17 20 18 16 17 18 17
Make a frequency table and a line graph for the data above.
2. The number of overtime hours per week worked by employees at a factory are as follows:
45 31 46 25 57 39 42 55 20 37
40 59 11 38 34 22 62 33 48 43
57 37 43 51 29 41 35 66 45 32
44 47 42 46 54 65 17 35 53 27
38 22 33 39 45 32 43 41 57 45
Make a frequency table and line graph from the table above.
Note: Show tally in your table and the appropriate units in the tables and graphs.
3. In a sample of 50 high school students, 15 said that math was their favourite subject. If these data were represented in a pie chart, the corresponding sector angle would be
a. 15° b. 54° c. 30° d. 108°
4. A frequency table is used to
a. represent data in a graphical format
b. list variables and their frequencies
c. analyze the change in frequencies over time
d. illustrate the median and spread of a set of data
Complete each statement.
5. A ____________________ variable can have only certain separate values within a specified range.
6. A ____________________ variable can have any value within a specified range.
7. Differentiate between a parameter and statistic.
Week Two
Learning Objectives for
week 2
1. Give examples of statistics that
are encountered in everyday life
2. Give examples of how
statistics can lend credibility to an argument
Read the following carefully
Like most people, you probably
feel that it is important to "take control of your
life." But what does this
mean? Partly, it means being able to properly evaluate the
data and claims that bombard you
every day. If you cannot distinguish good from
faulty reasoning, then you are
vulnerable to manipulation and to decisions that are
not in your best interest.
Statistics provides tools that you need in order to react
intelligently to information you
hear or read. In this sense, statistics is one of the
most important things that you
can study.
To be more specific, here are
some claims that we have heard on several
occasions. (I am not saying that
each one of these claims is true!)
• 4 out of 5 dentists recommend
Sensodyn.
• Almost 85% of lung cancers in
men and 45% in women are tobacco-related.
• Native Americans are
significantly more likely to be hit crossing the street than
are people of other ethnicities.
• People tend to be more
persuasive when they look others directly in the eye and
speak loudly and quickly.
• In America, women make 75 cents
to every dollar a man makes when they work the same
job.
• A surprising new study shows
that eating egg whites can increase one's life span.
• People predict that it is very
unlikely there will ever be another baseball player
with a batting average over 400.
• There is an 80% chance that in
a room full of 30 people that at least two people
will share the same birthday.
• 79.48% of all statistics are
made up on the spot.
All of these claims are
statistical in character. I suspect that some of them sound
familiar; if not, i bet that you
have heard other claims like them. Notice how
diverse the examples are. They
come from psychology, health, law, sports,
business, etc. Indeed, data and
data interpretation show up in discourse from
virtually every facet of
contemporary life.
Statistics are often presented in
an effort to add credibility to an argument or
advice. You can see this by
paying attention to television advertisements. Many of
the numbers thrown about in this
way do not represent careful statistical analysis.
They can be misleading and push
you into decisions that you might find cause to
regret. For these reasons,
learning about statistics is a long step towards taking
control of your life. (It is not,
of course, the only step needed for this purpose.) The study of statistics is
important. It will make you
into an intelligent consumer of statistical claims.
You can take the first step right
away. To be an intelligent consumer of
statistics, your first reflex
must be to question the statistics that you encounter. The
British Prime Minister Benjamin
Disraeli is quoted by Mark Twain as having said,
"There are three kinds of
lies -- lies, damned lies, and statistics." This quote
reminds us why it is so important
to understand statistics. So let me invite you to
reform your statistical habits
from now on. No longer will you blindly accept
numbers or findings. Instead, you
will begin to think about the numbers, their
sources, and most importantly,
the procedures used to generate them.
I have put the emphasis on
defending ourselves against fraudulent claims
wrapped up as statistics. I close
this section on a more positive note. Just as
important as detecting the
deceptive use of statistics is the appreciation of the
proper use of statistics. You
must also learn to recognize statistical evidence that
supports a stated conclusion.
Statistics are all around you, sometimes used well,
sometimes not. We must learn how
to distinguish the two cases.
(adapted from online statistics)
Assignment:
1. Why
is statistics presented in arguments?
2. How
is learning about statistics help you to take control of your life?
3. To
be an intelligent consumer of statistical claims, what should be your first
reflex?
4. What
should you do in order not to blindly accept numbers or findings?
5.
Let us assume that this claim is
true “4 out of 5 dentists recommend
Sensodyn”
i)
How do you think this conclusion was
arrived at?
ii)
What questions were asked?
iii)
Who asked the questions?
iv)
How
was data collected and processed?
v)
Who needs the information and for how long?
Send
your answer as an attachment to my inbox.
Feel free to think outside of the box in responding to these questions.
1. What is statistics? Feel free to express yourself.
2. Why do we study statistics?
3. In the following statements, list at least one reason why the conclusion may be suspect.
(i) This year, the published figures for new registration for all road vehicles showed an increase of 20% over the previous year. These figures were used to conclude that there are 20% more cars on the road now than were last year.
(ii) All patients admitted to a hospital with a heart attack were questioned about their lifestyle. It was found out that 70% of them owned a dog, so it was concluded that owing a dog increased the risk of heart attacks.
9 comments:
1) Statistics, it seems, is the study of trends, patterns, events, (Basically anything that can be represented with numbers)
and how they change overtime, as well as what may affect these changes.
2) We study statistics in order to find patterns in things like poverty, welfare, the purchases of various items and try
to find out what affects those patterns/ how to make these patterns more favorable.
E.g. Poverty in country A is 80%. Statistics looks at the past of the country to see how it reached that level and maybe
figure out how to reduce the country's poverty to, say, something like 5%.
3i) Just because more cars are registered doesn't mean more cars are driven. Some people with registered cars may not
be frequent drivers while others drive all the time. Some registered cars may be too damaged or old to be used, and some
people may drive cars without registering them at all.
3ii) The fact that many heart-attack patients owned dogs does not mean that dogs
were the cause of the heart-attacks. Dogs are common pets in the U.S. It's
possible that because many people own dogs, many heart-attack patients will
also own dogs. Most people own TVs, right? It's like saying that because 90%
of people who got colds owned TVs, TVs increased the chances of getting a cold.
Hi Fikayo, thanks for your response. Let's wait for the views of others. We are going to have a great time learning statistics this year.
1. Statistics is the section of mathematics which is the science of collecting, organizing, summarizing and analyzing information (data) to help draw a conclusion.
2. We study statistics because we need it for different careers such as medicine to collect data and evaluate it to come up with a valid conclusion. Statistics provide us with significant techniques to use when evaluating ideas and drawing a conclusion.
3. i) The conclusion may be suspect because it is possible for a person to register many cars but it doesn't necessarily mean there will be an increase in the number of cars in the road because the person may not use all the cars. Moreover, considering an increase of 20% cars registered doesn't necessarily mean a 20% increase of cars in the road because some cars on the road may have been destroyed the previous year.
ii) It has not been scientifically proven that owning a dog can cause a heart attack.Dogs are said to be men' best friend, instead of causing a heart attack, they can prevent it. Therefore, the fact that 70% of the patients owned a dog doesn't mean they caused them heart attack, there are other factors like bad diet that could have caused them the heart attack.
1)
A branch of applied mathematics concerned with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data and the use of probability theory to estimate population parameters
2)
we study statistics as means of getting an idea of the quantitative parametic quantity of a specific groups of beings, whether they be living or non--living.
3i)
This statement isn't or cant be authentic based on the possibility or possibilities that other circumstances could have taken place and not necessarily resulted in the circumstance that there were 20% more cars on the road. For example the cars registered in the 20% group may not have been driven (possibly bought for show-off), been wrecked or are missing, due to robbery in the area of which this stat was drawn from.this statement is suspect.
3)
Can dogs cause heart attacks? Yes. But that isnt the only reason.Heart attacks are caused by various things such as high cholesterol caused by eating foods which contain fats and oils etc or are as a result of bad dieting and even malnutrition. This statement can be refuted as many times as possible until it addresses the point that there are a plethora of causes for heart attacks. So this statement is suspect.
1) Statistics is the mathematical science involved in the application of quantitative principles to the collection, analysis, and presentation of numerical data.
2) We study statistics to provide us with the necessary tools and conceptual foundations in quantitative reasoning to extract information intelligently from large data. In addition, statistics help us in different careers and situations, e.g.: Use data to solve problems in a wide variety of fields, apply mathematical and statistical knowledge to social, economic, medical, political, and ecological problems, advance the frontiers of statistics, mathematics, and probability through education and research, …
3) I) Showing an increase of 20% for new registration for all road vehicles cannot conclude that there are 20% more cars on the road now than were last year, because the increase of 20% cars on the road now does not mean that the cars are registered some might not be registered and some might not be driven at the same time or some might be damaged from the last year.
ii) It might be by a chance most patients have dogs since dog is the most common pet in different countries, but it doesn't means that dogs caused the heart attack. Heart attacks can be caused by many situations other than dogs.
1) Statistics is a branch of mathematics which deals with collecting and analyzing numerical data and interpret what we
observe —to make sense or meaning of our observations .
2) We study statistics in order to effectively conduct research, to be able to read and evaluate articles, to develop analytic skills. Also statistics can be used to read journals. Most technical journals you will read contain some form of statistics.In that Without an understanding of statistics, the information contained in that section would be meaningless.
3) (i)The 20% increase on registered vehicles cannot be prof enough to conclude that there will be a 20% increase on vehicles used on the road. Because, there might be people who drive unregistered vehicles, there might have been vehicles destroyed in the same year, vehicles from other neighboring countries being driven on the same road unregistered and vehicles that might have been involved in accidents. Thus, the 20% increase on registered vehicles being an increase on vehicles on the road would be invalid.
(ii)The 70% of people owning dogs having a heart attach may have been a coincidence. In that a dog is a man's best friend and a very large population of the world owns dogs as pets, and if that's the case a very large population of the world would be prone to heart attacks. Hence, owning a dog cannot cause a heart attack.
1.)statistics is a mathematical or scientific process which collects and analyses numerical data in large quantities
2.)we study statistics in order to analyse large quantities of numerical data which usually cannot be analysed with one example or instance. an example would be: a country's population decreased by 20% in the past year. statistics could be used to analyse, collect numerical data from the past and of the now, compare, and emerge at a diagnosis or a solution. statistics is also used in making statements. so the study of statistics not only helps us analyse but helps us ration our declarations and conclusions on general matters.
3.)The conclusion might not be a suspect because the increase in the number of registered cars is not directly proportionate to the number of cars on the road. in most continents nowadays - like Europe, cars with the registration plate of a country can be used in another. on this basis, if a car was registered in the country that was being analysed, and was used in the neighbouring country, the conclusion made is false.
3.)
ii) all patients admitted in a hospital, the 70% of them that have dogs doesn't mean that dogs cause heart attacks. in most arctic countries, dogs are a necessity. they are used in place of snowmobiles through thick woods to transport goods and people. if data was collected in such a region the conclusion is would be highly implausible because dogs there are a necessity and the people that suffered heart attacks have to have a dog in order to survive in the first place.
1) Statistics is the process or science of collecting and analyzing numerical data in large quantities. I think it a process where data or information can be presented to show patterns and their possibilities.
2) Statistics needs to be studied in order to make judgements about the general patterns of events after only studying a small segment of that event. With statistics, we are able to make an almost accurate guess as to what might happen in the future.This helps people in various careers. For example, business marketers are able to have a clear idea of who might be willing to buy their products when they look at the spending patterns of various age groups and genders.
3i) Firstly, the statement does not make it clear whether the registration involves new or second-hand vehicles. If the vehicles were second-hand, the number of cars on the road would remain the same. Secondly, it is impossible to state whether all these registered cars would eventually be driven on the road; some of these cars could end up in a car showroom or in a person's private collection.
3ii) This statement is suspect because not enough data was analyzed to draw this conclusion. It is possible that most of the population could have dogs and the remaining people unaffected had dogs as well. Not enough factors are considered to draw this conclusion so it is suspect.
1- Statistics is a part of math that deals with large amount of numbers in order to give more accurate values,and also their changes over times.
2-We study statistics to have a general idea around us to then be ready to face some challenges in the society.
3 i-This statement may not be true due to the fact that the 20% registered includes different types of cars such as the broken ones,the robbed ones and other vehicles out of circulation.From this point, the cars on the road are just a part of these 20%.
3 ii-This conclusion might be suspect because owning a dog is not a strong factor of causing heart attack.there are more important factors such as high blood pressure that do not reach this percentage. from this point,this statement is less realistic when compared
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